References and job offers
References are used by employers to find out if you are suitable for a job and are a reliable employee. Before you accept a job offer make sure you know your rights and what a prospective employer expects of you.
References
If you want to leave your job you'll probably want a reference. It's good practice for your employer to give one, but they don't have to if your contract doesn't say they have to, except in some regulated industries like financial services.
What may be included in the reference
References must be accurate and shouldn't mislead the employer asking for them. This means that if, for example, you were disciplined when you worked for the employer who's giving you a reference, this may form part of the reference.
However, unless you agree, information like your medical record or any spent criminal convictions shouldn't normally be included (as it will not be relevant).
If a reference you have been given isn't accurate or is deliberately misleading it may amount to defamation, in which case, you could claim for libel. You will need to speak to a lawyer about how to do this. If you are still employed it may amount to constructive dismissal.
If your employer refuses to give you a reference
If you complained about discriminatory behaviour by your employer, and they won't give you a reference as a result, you may be able to claim for continued discrimination (victimisation).
If you need a reference while you are still employed
If you feel that a prospective employer asking your current employer for a reference would cause a problem, say so at your interview. Your prospective employer may be prepared to wait until you have told your current employer that you are leaving.
You have no special protection under the law, but if you are dismissed because your employer is asked to provide a reference, this could amount to unfair dismissal.
Asking for a copy of your reference
Once you start working for a new employer you can ask them for a copy of any reference they've been given from your previous employers. They should supply it to you under data protection law.
Job offers
Conditional offer
If you are offered a job, you may be sent a conditional offer letter, which should state:
- the job title and a brief job description
- the location
- any conditions you need to meet (for example, satisfactory references and health record)
- the terms (for example, pay, hours, holiday entitlement)
- the starting date and any induction period
- what you have to do next and by when
Unconditional offer
If you meet the conditions set out in the offer letter, you should receive an unconditional offer once your prospective employer knows this. If you can, wait until you receive the unconditional offer before handing in your notice.
Accepting an unconditional offer
Once you have accepted an unconditional offer, a contract of employment exists between you and your new employer.
If you don't get the job
If a job application fails, it is a good idea to find out why. However, the employer doesn't have to give you any feedback.
If an employer withdraws a job offer
If the offer's withdrawn before you have a chance to accept, or because you haven't met the conditions (for example, providing a 'satisfactory' reference), you can't take any action, unless it has been withdrawn for reasons of unlawful discrimination.
Changing your mind once you've accepted an offer
If you have second thoughts about a job you've just accepted, ask the employer to agree to let you go. Give notice as soon as you can - preferably before you start.
Your new employer won't be happy if this happens, and there's a possibility they may try to sue you for breach of contract if you don't give at least the amount of notice on your contract or offer letter.